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HIS 102: Western Civilization 1500 - Present: Citations

MLA, APA, or CHICAGO

Check with your instructor for the required format.

Our Citation Guide provides further details and resources on each citation type.

Many of the Library Databases provide Citation assistance for the articles.  In the Tool area, look for features like "Cite" or "Cite Now!"

Do a final check to make certain that it has correct formatting, punctuation and content!

NoodleTools is an online tool for creating works cited lists. Use it with MLA, APA, or Chicago styles. It helps you create your citations, and generates your bibliography.

MLA 9th

MLAMLA style, developed by the Modern Language Association, is used for English, foreign languages and general topics. MLA requires parenthetical citations within the text and a corresponding bibliography or works cited list at the end of the paper.

View our concise MLA Style handout (PDF) and the guide to citing in-text (PDF). 

MLA Guide
MLA in text citing

 

APA 7th

APA Style ManualAPA style, developed by the American Psychological Association, is used for hard sciences and social sciences, including education. APA uses parenthetical citations within the text and a corresponding bibliography or works cited list at the end of the paper.

View our concise APA Style handout (PDF).

APA Style
 

 

Chicago

Chicago Style HandbookChicago style is sometimes used for history and the humanities. Chicago style uses superscript numbers within the text to refer readers to corresponding footnotes at the end of the page. A bibliography is generally required as well.

View our concise Chicago Style handout (PDF) and the guide to footnotes (PDF).

Chicago Style
Chicago Style - Footnotes

 

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